丙午(ヒノエウマ)
2月
25日
春節の季節となり、中国圏では新年を祝うムードが広がっています。
伝統的な東アジアの暦(十二支と五行の組み合わせ)によると、今年は60年に一度の「丙午(ひのえうま)」の年です。干支の「午」に「丙」の火が重なる、特別な組み合わせです。
この干支のサイクルは古代中国に起源を持ち、民間信仰や暦の占い的な要素が強く、自然の調和や運勢を考える伝統的な風習から生まれました。
中国では丙午の年を「火のエネルギーが強く、火災が多い」と忌み嫌う風習はありましたが、女性に対する特別なネガティブな迷信は日本独自に発展したものです。
江戸時代(1603〜1868年)頃から、「丙午生まれの女性は気性が激しく、夫の命を縮める」「家を滅ぼす」といった根拠のない迷信が広まりました。
元々は「丙午の年には火事が多発する」という言い伝えが、17世紀の八百屋お七の放火事件と結びつき、歌舞伎や浄瑠璃を通じて民衆に浸透したと言われています。中国ではこうした女性を貶める解釈はほとんど見られません。
この迷信の影響は深刻で、前回の丙午年である1966年には、日本の出生数が前年比で約25%も激減しました。女の子が生まれるのを避けようとする家庭が多かったためです。迷信が社会現象を引き起こした、歴史的な例です。
先日教会で出会った姉妹が、まさにその1966年の丙午生まれでした。彼女は片足を伸ばして、真っ赤なスニーカーを見せながら誇らしげに「ひのえうま生まれなんです!」と言いました。
最初は何のことかわかりませんでしたが、彼女は子供の頃、周囲からの偏見や蔑視を受けて育ったそうです。それでも今、彼女は明るく力強く生きています。
今回初めて気がついたのですが、ヒノエウマを英語で表わすなら、Fire Horse。これは米国の「不死鳥-Phoenix」に通じるのではないか?
火と馬のイメージは、燃え尽きても再生するような力強さと不屈の精神を連想させます。
世間の古い迷信が何と言おうと、彼女の不屈の精神に心を打たれました。火の馬のように情熱的で自由な魂が、これからも力強く駆け抜けていきますように。
As spring unfolds and the Lunar New Year season begins in Chinese communities around the world, it’s a time of fresh starts and reflection.
According to the traditional East Asian calendar—which combines a 12-year animal cycle with five elements (wood, fire, earth, metal, water)—this year marks the rare “Fire Horse” (known in Japanese as Hinoe-Uma or 丙午, pronounced “hee-no-eh oo-mah”).
This special combination occurs only once every 60 years.
The zodiac system originated in ancient China as part of folk cosmology, traditional almanacs, and popular beliefs about living in harmony with nature’s cycles—not as part of a major organized religion like Buddhism or Taoism, but more as cultural divination and seasonal wisdom.
In China, a Fire Horse year was sometimes viewed as carrying intense “fire” energy, potentially linked to more fires or volatility. But the specific, dramatic superstition targeting women born in this year developed uniquely in Japan.
From the Edo period (1603–1868) onward, Japanese folklore claimed that girls born in a Fire Horse year would grow up with fiery, strong-willed personalities—too independent or passionate to be good wives.
Extreme versions even suggested they might “shorten their husband’s life” or bring ruin to the family. This baseless idea likely stemmed from earlier notions of frequent fires in those years, amplified by the tragic story of Yaoya Oshichi, a 17th-century woman executed for arson and later mythologized in plays and stories as a Fire Horse native.
Over generations, this turned into a widespread Japanese superstition with little parallel in China or elsewhere in East Asia.
The superstition had real consequences: in the last Fire Horse year, 1966, Japan’s birth rate dropped sharply—by about 25%—as many families avoided having daughters out of fear for their future marriage prospects.
The superstition had real consequences: in the last Fire Horse year, 1966, Japan’s birth rate dropped sharply—by about 25%—as many families avoided having daughters out of fear for their future marriage prospects.
It’s a powerful reminder of how cultural myths, even without evidence, can influence real decisions and lives.
Recently at church, I met a sister who was born in that very 1966 Fire Horse year. With a big smile, she stretched out her leg to show off her bright red sneakers and said proudly, “I’m a Fire Horse baby!” At first, I had no idea what she meant.
She went on to share that, growing up, she faced prejudice and judgment from people who believed the old superstition. Yet here she was, decades later, radiating confidence and joy.
For the first time, I realized that “Hinoe-Uma” in English is simply “Fire Horse.” And in that name, the image of fire and a swift, powerful horse feels almost like a symbol of resilience and rebirth—something that echoes, in a way, the majestic phoenix of American and Western folklore, rising renewed from flames.
No matter what outdated superstitions say, her story shows how labels and old fears can try to hold people back—but they don’t have to succeed.
The “fire” in Fire Horse evokes something untamed and enduring, much like the strength we admire in those who overcome hardship.
I hope she—and every woman who has carried this label—continues to run her race with that same bold, unquenchable spirit.












