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Unknown microbes discovered on the International Space Station

3月

26日

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Researchers from the U.S. and India on the International Space Station discovered previously unknown microbes, according to a a March 16 2021 article in Science Alert.

They found four strains of bacteria living in different places in the ISS, including Methylorubrum rhodesianum and the previously unknown species which were named IF7SW-B2T, IIF1SW-B5, and IIF4SW-B5, according to Science Alert. This family of bacteria found in soil and freshwater are involved in nitrogen fixation, plant growth, and can help stop plant pathogens, says team lead University of Southern California geneticist Swati Bijlani.

https://www.sciencealert.com/four-bacterial-strains-discovered-on-the-iss-may-help-grow-better-space-plants/amp

More on illness linked to microbiome gut and mouth

3月

14日

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One of the studies by Dr. Iain Chapple, head of dentistry at Birmingham University, in Britain found that Porphyromonas gingivalis, one of the bacteria in the gut and mouth microbiome, is connected to gum disease and rheumatoid arthritis, he is quoted as saying in a February 10 2021 article in the Economist.

https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2021/02/10/microbial-ecosystems-in-the-mouth-and-gut-are-linked-to-many-ills

Data driven approach help researchers study microbes

3月

11日

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Natalia Shulzhenko, an associate professor of biomedical sciences at the Oregon State University (OSU) and her associates have employed a data-driven, systems-biology approach called Transkingdom network analysis to study host-microbe interactions under a western diet, according to a January 05 2021 report by News 18 television station in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. They use operational taxonomic units, or OTUs to categorize bacteria based on gene sequence similarity, says the report.

The OSU team studied Lactobacillus Johnsonii, Lactobacillus Gasseri, Romboutsia Ilealis and Ruminococcus Gnavus, for example, and their impact on the western diet. The team compared multiple studies of both humans and mice and the abundance of these four bacteria on our body mass index (BMI). With this analysis, R. Ilealis to be present in more than 80 per cent of obese patients, according to the News 18 report.

https://www.news18.com/amp/news/buzz/beneficial-gut-bacteria-can-play-key-role-in-treating-diabetes-3247631.html

Akkermansia, the gut protector

3月

6日

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According to a recent February 26 2021 article in Mind Body Green, akkermansia municiphila is the great gut protector, supplying our gut lining with a protective layer of mucus. A common gut ailment called leaky gut is connected to a deficiency of Akkermansia.

The weakening of our gut wall can enable undigested food particles and bacteria to "leak" into the bloodstream which causes inflammation, even worse, gastrointestinal diseases, according to Dr. Mark Hyman, founder and director of The UltraWellness Center, the Head of Strategy and Innovation of the Cleveland Clinic Center for Functional Medicine who is quoted in the article.

There are a number of foods that are high in anti-oxidant properties such as pomegranate, green tea, and cranberry. These phytochemicals contain large amounts of tannins, flavonols, anthocyanins which feed the akkermansia bacteria.

In the article, Dr. Hyman also mentions the importance of Akkermansia for certain drug cancer treatments which are only effective with the presence of this bacteria in the gut.

https://amp.mindbodygreen.com/articles/foods-a-longevity-supporting-gut-microbe-loves-from-an-md

100,000 viruses in our gut, both good and bad

3月

1日

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According to a February 19 2021 article in Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News (Genengnews) researchers have built "the Gut Phage Database" (GPD), a collection of 142,000 nonredundant viral genomes (>10 kb) obtained by mining a dataset of 28,060 globally distributed human gut metagenomes and 2,898 reference genomes of cultured gut bacteria.” They identified common ancestors among the identified viruses.

Researchers at Wellcome Sanger Institute and EMBL’s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) claim that more than half of these viruses have never been seen before.

Genengnews quoted Alexandre Almeida, PhD, postdoctoral fellow at EMBL-EBI and the Wellcome Sanger Institute saying this could lead to new treatments such as antimicrobials from bacteriophage origin.

https://www.genengnews.com/news/over-100000-viruses-identified-in-the-gut-microbiome/